Triton X-100存在下分光光度法快速测定尿锌

尿样中加入Triton X-100后,在尿蛋白和其它物质存在下可用可见分光光度法直接而快速地测定尿锌.该法比目前其它方法更简便,尤其适合于临床快速分析.经40例正常人尿锌含量分析,结果((?)±s)为0.789±0.256μg/ml,与文献值基本一致.     

Day-Night Variation of Urine Volume in Parkinson's Disease

Abstract: Studies on the circadian rhythm of urine excretion in healthy men have demonstrated that the maximal urine flow occurs in the early afternoon and the minimal around midnight. In this study, an abnormality in the variation of urine volume was found in parkinsonian patients. Urine samples were collected during daytime (9:00–21:00) and nighttime (21:00–9:00). Fifteen healthy control subjects were examined and found to excrete 60% during the daytime and 40% during the nighttime of the total urine volume. Sixteen parkinsonian patients excreted 43% during the daytime and 57% during the nighttime. In contrast to the control subjects, the parkinsonian patients excreted a smaller volume of their urine during the daytime than during the nighttime. This finding might be related to the degeneration of dopaminergic and/or nondopaminergic neurons in the brain which control urinary excretion.     

儿童边缘性锌缺乏症综合判断的研究

对沈阳市某幼儿园９９例３～６岁锌缺乏儿童的营养调查和生物样品（血液、尿液和毛发）的分析发现：同对照组儿童相比，锌缺乏儿童除Ｆｅ、维生素Ａ外，其他主要营养素的摄入明显不足；缺锌儿童的发锌、ＲＢＣ锌水平、血清ＡＬＰ活性、尿锌／尿肌酐比值均明显低于对照组。经补锌治疗后血浆锌水平、血清ＡＬＰ活性、尿锌／尿肌酐比值显著升高。应用临床诊断实验的评价方法分析发现结合血浆锌水平，联合使用发锌，血清ＡＬＰ和尿锌／尿肌酐比值３项指标可以准确判断儿童边缘性锌缺乏，这时并联的灵敏度为９６．１８％，串联的特异度可高达到１００％（血清ＡＬＰ活性＜１０４ＩＵ／Ｌ，同时发锌含量＜１１０ｐｐｍ．尿锌／尿肌酐比值＜０．３μｇ／ｇ）。     

Effects of food deprivation on cocaine base smoking in rhesus monkeys

Studies have shown that both food deprivation and response cost have important influences on the magnitude of self-administration of a wide variety of psychoactive drugs. In an attempt to extend these findings to the smoked route of drug self-administration, the effects of food allotment and fixed-ratio (FR) value were evaluated in four male rhesus monkeys trained to smoke cocaine base. In the first phase of the experiment, monkeys were trained to self-administer smoked cocaine base under a chained progressive-ratio (PR), fixed-ratio (FR) schedule during daily experimental sessions. Monkeys were required to make 20 lever-press responses and then five inhalations on a smoking spout to obtain the first smoke delivery. The lever ratio then increased to 60, 140, 300, 620, 1260, 2540, and 4940 for each successive smoke delivery. The initial lever ratio value was reset to 20 at the beginning of each daily session. The body weights of three monkeys were determined under free-feeding conditions. Monkeys were then restricted to 100 g food and, when body weights had stabilized, the daily food allotment was increased to 150 g, approximately 210 g, or greater than 400 g (satiation). As the daily food allotment and body weight increased, the mean number of smoke deliveries decreased in two of three monkeys. In the second phase of the experiment, three monkeys were maintained under either food-satiated or food-restricted conditions. Body weights were maintained at approximately 90% of their free-feeding weights under food-restricted conditions. The cost of the drug (lever FR value) was constant within each experimental session, but was increased after 3 consecutive days of stable responding. Fixed-ratio values were increased from 128 to 256, 512, 1024, and 2048. Monkeys were required to complete the lever FR value and then to make five inhalations on the smoking spout to gain access to 1.0 mg/kg per delivery cocaine base. The mean number of smoke deliveries increased at FR 256, 512, and 1024 when monkeys were food-restricted as opposed to food-satiated. Correspondingly, the mean number of responses increased under food-restricted conditions. Responding continued to increase over a wider range of FR values, and the peak number of responses was higher under food-restricted, as opposed to food-satiated conditions. These results, using the smoking route of administration, are consistent with the hypothesis that food deprivation increases the self-administration of reinforcing drugs.     

老年2型糖尿病患者胰岛素抵抗相关指标的检测和意义

目的:探讨老年2型糖尿病胰岛素抵抗(IR)及其相关性,为老年2型糖尿病的合理防治提供临床依据。方法:选择120例老年2型糖尿病患者,按胰岛素敏感指数(HOMA)胰岛素抵抗(HOMA-IR)50百分位点将患者分为两组:胰岛素相对敏感组(HOMA-IR<3.56)和胰岛素相对抵抗组(HOMA-IR≥3.56),比较体重指数(BMI)、腰/臀比(WHR)、血压、血生化学检查等指标。用年龄>40岁,<60岁的2型糖尿病患者做对照组。结果:两组老年患者在年龄、性别、舒张压、空腹血糖、胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白、糖化血红蛋白、HOMA胰岛β细胞功能方面无差异;但BMI、WHR、收缩压、甘油三脂、空腹胰岛素、HOMA-IR差异具有显著性。多线性回归分析后,只有腰/臀比、收缩压、甘油三脂、HOMA-IR存在统计学差异。老年患者与对照组相比,IR发生率明显增加,且两者腰/臀比、收缩压、甘油三脂方面也差异显著。结论:IR与老年2型糖尿病密切相关,是临床防治糖尿病的重要靶点。     

A Comparative Study on the Effect of BCG-PSN and Thymopeptides on T-lymphocyte Subsets of Normal and Immunosuppressed Mice

Polysaccharidenucleicacidfractionofbacilluscalmetteguerin (BCG PSN ,SiqikangInjection)andthymopeptidesarenowtwowidelyusedimmunomod ulatorsinclinicalpractice .Theyareusuallyusedasanadjuvanttherapyforvirusinfection ,autoimmunediseasesandneoplasms ,whichhavebeenclinicallyprovedtobeeffective .Somereportsdemonstratedthattheybothcanstimulatetheproliferationanddif ferentiationofT lymphocytes.However ,theexactmechanismshavenotbeenelucidatedyet .InordertocomparetheirmodulatingmechanismsonT lympho c…     

香烟烟雾吸入对大鼠局灶性脑缺血后梗死灶的影响

目的 观察香烟烟雾吸入对大鼠局灶性脑缺血后梗死灶的影响，探讨其机制。方法 建立吸烟大鼠模型。用TTC染色法测定梗死灶体积，检测大鼠局灶性脑缺血后神经功能缺陷评分及梗死灶体积占同侧半球百分比。结果 除戒烟组外各吸烟组大鼠神经功能缺陷评分及梗死灶体积与对照组相比显著增加，吸烟4周、8周及12周依次增加。戒烟组神经功能评分及梗死体积明显低于吸烟4周组，与对照组无显著差别。结论 吸烟可加重大鼠局灶性脑缺血后脑组织损害，且随着吸烟时间增加而加重，戒烟可使这种脑损害得到一定程度的恢复。     

重视心血管病流行病学研究工作

自 2 0世纪 90年代 ,心血管病已逐渐成为我国城乡居民的第一位死因 ,目前已占总死亡人数的近40 %。心血管病也是造成劳动力损失、生活质量下降、疾病负担增加的主要原因。据不完全统计资料估计 ,我国每年新发冠心病事件 (包括急性心肌梗死、冠心病猝死和慢性冠心病死亡 )约 1 3 0万例次 ,脑卒中约 40 0万例次。全国现有 1 .1亿高血压患者 ,1亿多血脂异常者 ,3 0 0 0万糖尿病患者。人群中有一半以上的人至少具有 1种心血管病危险因素。心血管疾病以其高发病率、高致残率、高病死率及高治疗费用 ,严重制约了我国经济发展和人民生活水平及生存…     

舒胆合剂防治阻塞性黄疸肾功能障碍的作用机制

目的 探讨在阻塞性黄疸(OJ)时舒胆合剂的抗内毒素及对肾功能的保护作用。方法 SD大鼠胆总管结扎后分3组，每组10只，分别用2mL舒胆合剂、乳果糖液(每100mL含乳果糖67g)、生理盐水灌胃，连用9d。假手术组10只，用2mL生理盐水灌胃。观察内毒素、血和肾组织中内皮素(ET)、一氧化氮(NO)的含量、一氧化氮合酶(NOS)活性及肾功能的变化。结果 舒胆合剂组与乳果糖组血内毒素、血和肾组织ET水平较生理盐水组明显降低，血和肾组织N0、NOS活性、内生肌酐清除率、肾皮质血流量较生理盐水组明显升高。结论 在OJ时，中药舒胆合剂有抗内毒素作用，并通过减少体内内毒素水平来降低体内ET水平，升高N0水平起到保护肾功能的作用。     

腹腔镜下肾蒂淋巴管剥脱结扎术(附14例报告)

目的:探讨腹腔镜下肾蒂淋巴管剥脱术治疗乳糜尿的效果。方法:对乳糜尿14例行腹腔镜下肾蒂淋巴管剥脱结扎术。结果:所有手术均获成功,平均手术时间120m in(90~180m in),平均术中出血量50m l(30~80m l),术后平均住院时间5d。随访术后1年乳糜试验阴性。结论:腹腔镜下肾蒂淋巴管剥脱结扎术,效果确切,患者损伤小、康复快,尤其适于保守治疗无效的病例,可完全替代传统开放肾蒂淋巴管剥脱结扎术。